What are the symptoms of canine cognitive dysfunction?

Canine cognitive dysfunction, similar to Alzheimer's disease in humans, presents symptoms such as sudden disorientation, chaotic routine, elimination outside the litter box, sluggish response, and low mood. There is no cure for canine cognitive dysfunction, but it can be prevented. Treatments include electroconvulsive therapy and regular mental stimulation for dogs, such as playing frisbee, command training like sit and stay, and handshaking.

1. Sudden disorientation

Dogs with cognitive dysfunction may lose their sense of direction, leading to situations where they suddenly stop walking or become lost, even in familiar surroundings. When taking an elderly dog outside, owners should always hold onto their leash to prevent them from getting lost.

1. Chaotic routine

Young dogs have a fixed and punctual routine, while dogs with cognitive dysfunction may become confused about their daily schedule. For example, a dog that used to sleep at night may start sleeping during the day, and become restless at night.

1. Elimination outside the litter box

Due to declining physical abilities, elderly dogs may lose control over their bladder and bowel movements, leading to accidents outside the litter box. This could also be due to the degeneration of the part of the brain responsible for managing such skills, causing the dog to forget this habit.

1. Sluggish response

As dogs age, their hearing decreases, and they may even forget their own name. Even repeated calls may not elicit a response. Dogs with cognitive dysfunction may also exhibit repetitive movements, such as head shaking or circling.

1. Low mood

Dogs with cognitive dysfunction often exhibit a low mood, appearing unhappy, and losing interest in toys and interactive games. They may also become easily emotional, showing stranger danger, fear, aggression, and even attackiveness towards their owners.