What dogs cannot eat

Dogs should not be fed items such as chicken bones, fish bones, or anything sharp, as they can easily puncture the intestines. Additionally, dogs should not be given milk, chocolate, onions, overly sweet, salty, spicy, or cold foods. Liver and seafood should be fed sparingly, as chocolate contains caffeine that can cause muscle spasms and even shock in dogs. High-salt and overly heavy foods can put additional strain on a dog's body.

Foods dogs cannot eat:

1. Milk: Many dogs suffer from lactose intolerance. If a dog shows symptoms such as flatulence, diarrhea, dehydration, or skin inflammation after drinking milk, milk should be stopped and replaced with lactose-free alternatives.

2. Chocolate: The caffeine in chocolate reduces blood flow to the brain, potentially causing heart disease and other life-threatening issues. The higher the chocolate's purity, the higher the caffeine content, and the greater the risk to dogs.

3. Raw or cooked liver: A small amount of liver is beneficial to dogs, but excessive amounts can cause problems. Liver contains a large amount of vitamin A, which can lead to vitamin A toxicity. A weekly dosage of three chicken livers (or the equivalent of other animal livers) can cause bone issues.

4. Onions and garlic: Raw or cooked onions and garlic contain disulfides, which are harmless to humans but can cause oxidative damage to a dog's red blood cells, potentially leading to hemolytic anemia.

5. Bones: Brittle bones, such as chicken bones, can puncture a dog's throat or cause injuries to their mouth, esophagus, stomach, or intestines. If bones are to be given, they should be boiled until softened.

6. Raw eggs: Raw egg whites contain a protein called avidin, which depletes a dog's vitamin H. Vitamin H is essential for dog growth and healthy skin and coat. Additionally, raw eggs often contain bacteria. Cooked eggs are safe for dogs.

7. Mushrooms: Edible mushrooms sold in markets are generally harmless to dogs. However, they should be avoided to prevent dogs from developing a taste for mushrooms and accidentally consuming toxic ones in the wild.

8. Raw meat and poultry: Dogs' immune systems cannot adapt to commercially raised poultry and meat. Common bacteria such as salmonella and clostridium are dangerous to dogs.

9. Pork: Pork fat globules are larger than those in other meats and may block dogs' microvessels. Avoid pork products, especially those containing nitrites, such as bacon.

10. Grapes or raisins: Grape poisoning can occur within six hours, causing symptoms such as depression, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. If a dog eats grapes, immediately take them to the vet.

11. Puppies under five months should be fed commercial puppy food, as it has a balanced diet. If the puppy food is too dry, it can be softened with warm water.

The above foods are not suitable for dogs. Although many owners have fed their dogs these foods without noticing any adverse effects, everything accumulates over time. Toxins need to reach a certain level before they can take effect. When a dog is in a sub-healthy state, symptoms may not be easily detected, but once the disease progresses to a late stage, it may be too late.